Linux常用命令-zip

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命令

zip

描述

package and compress (archive) files
zip压缩工具

用法

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zip [-options] [-b path] [-t mmddyyyy] [-n suffixes] [zipfile list] [-xi list]

选项

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Options:
  -f   freshen: only changed files
  -d   从zip包中删除文件
  -r   递归目录
  -0   只打包不压缩
  -1   快速压缩,最低压缩级别
  -q   静默操作
  -c   添加一行注释
  -@   从标准输入读取文件名
  -x   排除文件名
  -F   修复zip包 (-FF 深层修复)
  -A   调整自解压exe文件包
  -T   测试压缩文件的完整性
  -y   保留软链接而不是原文件
  -e   加密,交互式输入密码
  -P   设置密码,非交互式
  -h2  显示更多帮助
  -u   update: only changed or new files
  -m   将文件移动到zip包中并删除原文件
  -j   junk (don't record) directory names
  -l   convert LF to CR LF (-ll CR LF to LF)
  -9   最高压缩级别
  -v   显示详情
  -z   添加注释
  -o   make zipfile as old as latest entry
  -i   包含文件名
  -D   do not add directory entries
  -J   junk zipfile prefix (unzipsfx)
  -X   eXclude eXtra file attributes
  -n   don't compress these suffixes

注意

zip默认打包后不会删除原文件,-m选项删除原文件

示例

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$ zip -v
This is Zip 3.0 (July 5th 2008)

$ ls
a1  a2  b1  b2  dir1/
# zip命令需要指定zip包名,如下打包a1和a2到a.zip
$ zip a.zip a1 a2
  adding: a1 (stored 0%)
  adding: a2 (stored 0%)
$ ls
a1  a2  a.zip  b1  b2  dir1/
$ echo cc >> a1
# -f 刷新zip包中的文件,即同步本地文件变更到zip包中
$ zip -f a.zip
freshening: a1 (stored 0%)
$ unzip a.zip -d /tmp/
Archive:  a.zip
 extracting: /tmp/a1
 extracting: /tmp/a2
$ more /tmp/a1
aa
cc
$ echo cc > a3
# -u 刷新zip包中的变更文件和新增文件
$ zip -u a.zip a*
  adding: a3 (stored 0%)
# zipinfo命令查看zip包文件信息
$ zipinfo a.zip
Archive:  a.zip
Zip file size: 431 bytes, number of entries: 3
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        6 tx stor 21-Oct-20 23:42 a1
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        4 tx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 a2
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        3 tx stor 21-Oct-20 23:43 a3
3 files, 13 bytes uncompressed, 13 bytes compressed:  0.0%
$ rm a1 a2 a3
# unzip命令解压文件
$ unzip a.zip
Archive:  a.zip
 extracting: a1
 extracting: a2
 extracting: a3
# -r 递归打包目录
$ zip -r dir1.zip dir1/
  adding: dir1/ (stored 0%)
  adding: dir1/a1 (stored 0%)
  adding: dir1/a2 (stored 0%)
  adding: dir1/d1/ (stored 0%)
  adding: dir1/d1/b1 (stored 0%)
  adding: dir1/d1/b2 (stored 0%)
$ zipinfo dir1.zip
Archive:  dir1.zip
Zip file size: 898 bytes, number of entries: 6
drwxr-xr-x  3.0 unx        0 bx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 dir1/
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        3 tx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 dir1/a1
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        4 tx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 dir1/a2
drwxr-xr-x  3.0 unx        0 bx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 dir1/d1/
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        3 tx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 dir1/d1/b1
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        4 tx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 dir1/d1/b2
6 files, 14 bytes uncompressed, 14 bytes compressed:  0.0%
# -d 从zip包中删除文件
$ zip -d a.zip a1
deleting: a1
$ zipinfo a.zip
Archive:  a.zip
Zip file size: 158 bytes, number of entries: 1
-rw-r--r--  3.0 unx        4 tx stor 21-Oct-20 22:11 a2
1 file, 4 bytes uncompressed, 4 bytes compressed:  0.0%
# -x 排除文件
$ zip ab.zip a* b* -x b1
  adding: a1 (stored 0%)
  adding: a2 (stored 0%)
  adding: b2 (stored 0%)
# -e 输入密码
$ zip -e a1.zip a1
Enter password:
Verify password:
  adding: a1 (stored 0%)
# -P 设置密码
$ zip -P a a2.zip a2
  adding: a2 (stored 0%)
# 需要输入密码才能解压
$ unzip a1.zip
Archive:  a1.zip
[a1.zip] a1 password:
 extracting: a1
# 也可以直接指定解压密码
$ unzip -P a a2.zip
Archive:  a2.zip
 extracting: a2
# -m 打包后删除原文件
$ ls
a1  a2  b1  b2  dir1/  dir1.zip
$ zip a1.zip -m a1
  adding: a1 (stored 0%)
$ ls
a1.zip  a2  b1  b2  dir1/  dir1.zip