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| firewalld的两种配置说明
runtime configuration 运行配置,当前正在运行的配置
permanent configuration 永久配置,已保存的配置,配置命令后加--permanent选项
Common Options
--permanent 其他有[P]标识的选项均支持添加该选项
--zone=<zone> 其他有[Z]标识的选项均支持添加该选项
--timeout=<timeval> 其他有[T]标识的选项均支持添加该选项
Status Options
--state 查看firewalld运行状态
--reload 加载永久配置为运行配置
--complete-reload 完全重新加载配置,此选项会终止活动连接,仅用于解决firewall运行故障
--runtime-to-permanent 保存运行配置为永久配置
--check-config 检查永久配置文件
Log Denied Options
--get-log-denied 显示日志记录选项
--set-log-denied=<value> 设置日志记录选项,在REJECT之前记录日志,可选参数all,unicast,broadcast,multicast,off(默认),即默认禁用日志记录
设置为all参数后会自动添加一条记录日志的规则 -A INPUT -j LOG --log-prefix "FINAL_REJECT: "
Automatic Helpers Options
--get-automatic-helpers Print the automatic helpers value
--set-automatic-helpers=<value> Set automatic helpers value
Permanent Options
--permanent 添加为永久配置,当配置规则添加该选项后则保存到永久配置而不影响运行配置,即reload之前不生效
其他有[P]标识的选项均支持添加该选项
Zone Options
--get-default-zone 显示默认区域zone
--set-default-zone=<zone> 设置默认区域zone,这将同时更改运行配置和永久配置
即修改系统配置文件firewalld.conf中的DefaultZone参数
--get-active-zones 显示当前活动区域的接口信息
--get-zones 显示区域列表,以空格为分隔符 [P]
--get-services 显示服务列表 [P]
--get-icmptypes 显示icmp类型 [P]
--get-zone-of-interface=<interface> 显示指定接口所绑定的区域名称 [P]
--get-zone-of-source=<source>[/<mask>]|<MAC>|ipset:<ipset> 显示指定源地址所绑定的区域名称 [P]
--list-all-zones 显示所有区域信息 [P]
--new-zone=<zone> 添加一个区域 [P only]
--new-zone-from-file=<filename> [--name=<zone>]
添加一个区域,并从文件中读取区域名称列表,并指定一个区域名称 [P only]
--delete-zone=<zone> 删除一个区域 [P only]
--load-zone-defaults=<zone> 加载区域默认设置 [P only] [Z]
--zone=<zone> 指定区域 [Z], 其他有[Z]标识的选项均支持添加该选项
--get-target 显示区域目标 [P only] [Z]
--set-target=<target> 设置区域目标,可选参数default, ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT [P only] [Z]
--info-zone=<zone> 显示指定区域信息
--path-zone=<zone> 显示区域配置文件路径 [P only]
设置区域目标中的参数default和REJECT类似,但是default有以下不同:
1.明确允许ICMP流量
2.根据出口区域的目标设置进行处理
如果入口区域设置为非default参数,则分别以对应的ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT目标设置直接进行处理
如果入口区域设置为default参数,则根据出口区域的目标设置进行处理
如果入口区域和出口区域均设置为default参数,则执行REJECT
3.Zone drifting from source-based zone to interface-based zone (支持区域漂移)
This only applies if AllowZoneDrifting is enabled.See firewalld.conf(5)
后续firewalld将不再支持AllowZoneDrifting选项,所以第3条可以忽略
IPSet Options
--get-ipset-types 显示支持的ipset类型
--new-ipset=<ipset> --type=<ipset type> [--option=<key>[=<value>]]..
Add a new ipset [P only]
--new-ipset-from-file=<filename> [--name=<ipset>]
Add a new ipset from file with optional name [P only]
--delete-ipset=<ipset>
Delete an existing ipset [P only]
--load-ipset-defaults=<ipset>
Load ipset default settings [P only]
--info-ipset=<ipset> Print information about an ipset
--path-ipset=<ipset> Print file path of an ipset [P only]
--get-ipsets Print predefined ipsets
--ipset=<ipset> --set-description=<description>
Set new description to ipset [P only]
--ipset=<ipset> --get-description
Print description for ipset [P only]
--ipset=<ipset> --set-short=<description>
Set new short description to ipset [P only]
--ipset=<ipset> --get-short
Print short description for ipset [P only]
--ipset=<ipset> --add-entry=<entry>
Add a new entry to an ipset [P]
--ipset=<ipset> --remove-entry=<entry>
Remove an entry from an ipset [P]
--ipset=<ipset> --query-entry=<entry>
Return whether ipset has an entry [P]
--ipset=<ipset> --get-entries
List entries of an ipset [P]
--ipset=<ipset> --add-entries-from-file=<entry>
Add a new entries to an ipset [P]
--ipset=<ipset> --remove-entries-from-file=<entry>
Remove entries from an ipset [P]
IcmpType Options
--new-icmptype=<icmptype>
Add a new icmptype [P only]
--new-icmptype-from-file=<filename> [--name=<icmptype>]
Add a new icmptype from file with optional name [P only]
--delete-icmptype=<icmptype>
Delete an existing icmptype [P only]
--load-icmptype-defaults=<icmptype>
Load icmptype default settings [P only]
--info-icmptype=<icmptype>
Print information about an icmptype
--path-icmptype=<icmptype>
Print file path of an icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --set-description=<description>
Set new description to icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --get-description
Print description for icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --set-short=<description>
Set new short description to icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --get-short
Print short description for icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --add-destination=<ipv>
Enable destination for ipv in icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --remove-destination=<ipv>
Disable destination for ipv in icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --query-destination=<ipv>
Return whether destination ipv is enabled in icmptype [P only]
--icmptype=<icmptype> --get-destinations
List destinations in icmptype [P only]
Service Options
--new-service=<service>
Add a new service [P only]
--new-service-from-file=<filename> [--name=<service>]
Add a new service from file with optional name [P only]
--delete-service=<service>
Delete an existing service [P only]
--load-service-defaults=<service>
Load icmptype default settings [P only]
--info-service=<service>
Print information about a service
--path-service=<service>
Print file path of a service [P only]
--service=<service> --set-description=<description>
Set new description to service [P only]
--service=<service> --get-description
Print description for service [P only]
--service=<service> --set-short=<description>
Set new short description to service [P only]
--service=<service> --get-short
Print short description for service [P only]
--service=<service> --add-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Add a new port to service [P only]
--service=<service> --remove-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Remove a port from service [P only]
--service=<service> --query-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Return whether the port has been added for service [P only]
--service=<service> --get-ports
List ports of service [P only]
--service=<service> --add-protocol=<protocol>
Add a new protocol to service [P only]
--service=<service> --remove-protocol=<protocol>
Remove a protocol from service [P only]
--service=<service> --query-protocol=<protocol>
Return whether the protocol has been added for service [P only]
--service=<service> --get-protocols
List protocols of service [P only]
--service=<service> --add-source-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Add a new source port to service [P only]
--service=<service> --remove-source-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Remove a source port from service [P only]
--service=<service> --query-source-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Return whether the source port has been added for service [P only]
--service=<service> --get-source-ports
List source ports of service [P only]
--service=<service> --add-module=<module>
Add a new module to service [P only]
--service=<service> --remove-module=<module>
Remove a module from service [P only]
--service=<service> --query-module=<module>
Return whether the module has been added for service [P only]
--service=<service> --get-modules
List modules of service [P only]
--service=<service> --set-destination=<ipv>:<address>[/<mask>]
Set destination for ipv to address in service [P only]
--service=<service> --remove-destination=<ipv>
Disable destination for ipv i service [P only]
--service=<service> --query-destination=<ipv>:<address>[/<mask>]
Return whether destination ipv is set for service [P only]
--service=<service> --get-destinations
List destinations in service [P only]
Options to Adapt and Query Zones
--list-all 显示指定区域的所有信息,如果没有指定区域则显示默认区域信息 [P] [Z]
--timeout=<timeval> 指定超时时间,可用于临时允许,可选单位s,m,h. 其他有[T]标识的选项均支持添加该选项
--set-description=<description> Set new description to zone [P only] [Z]
--get-description Print description for zone [P only] [Z]
--set-short=<description> Set new short description to zone [P only] [Z]
--get-short Print short description for zone [P only] [Z]
# zone的所有信息均可以通过如下命令格式进行操作
显示 --list-xxx, --get-xxx
添加 --add-xxx
删除 --remove-xxx
查询 --query-xxx
# service相关命令
--list-services 显示指定区域的服务信息 [P] [Z]
--add-service=<service> 添加服务到指定区域 [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-service=<service> 从区域中删除指定服务 [P] [Z]
--query-service=<service> 查询区域中是否存在指定服务 [P] [Z]
# port相关命令
--list-ports 显示区域的端口信息 [P] [Z]
--add-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol> 添加端口到指定区域 [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol> 从区域中删除指定端口 [P] [Z]
--query-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol> 查询区域中是否存在指定端口 [P] [Z]
--list-protocols 显示区域的协议信息 [P] [Z]
--add-protocol=<protocol>
Add the protocol for a zone [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-protocol=<protocol>
Remove the protocol from a zone [P] [Z]
--query-protocol=<protocol>
Return whether the protocol has been added for zone [P] [Z]
--list-source-ports 显示区域的源端口信息 [P] [Z]
--add-source-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Add the source port for a zone [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-source-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Remove the source port from a zone [P] [Z]
--query-source-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Return whether the source port has been added for zone [P] [Z]
--list-icmp-blocks 显示区域的icmp类型块信息 [P] [Z]
--add-icmp-block=<icmptype>
Add an ICMP block for a zone [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-icmp-block=<icmptype>
Remove the ICMP block from a zone [P] [Z]
--query-icmp-block=<icmptype>
Return whether an ICMP block has been added for a zone [P] [Z]
--add-icmp-block-inversion
Enable inversion of icmp blocks for a zone [P] [Z]
--remove-icmp-block-inversion
Disable inversion of icmp blocks for a zone [P] [Z]
--query-icmp-block-inversion
Return whether inversion of icmp blocks has been enabled for a zone [P] [Z]
--list-forward-ports 显示区域的IPv4转发端口信息 [P] [Z]
--add-forward-port=port=<portid>[-<portid>]:proto=<protocol>[:toport=<portid>[-<portid>]][:toaddr=<address>[/<mask>]]
Add the IPv4 forward port for a zone [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-forward-port=port=<portid>[-<portid>]:proto=<protocol>[:toport=<portid>[-<portid>]][:toaddr=<address>[/<mask>]]
Remove the IPv4 forward port from a zone [P] [Z]
--query-forward-port=port=<portid>[-<portid>]:proto=<protocol>[:toport=<portid>[-<portid>]][:toaddr=<address>[/<mask>]]
Return whether the IPv4 forward port has been added for a zone [P] [Z]
--add-masquerade Enable IPv4 masquerade for a zone [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-masquerade Disable IPv4 masquerade for a zone [P] [Z]
--query-masquerade Return whether IPv4 masquerading has been enabled for a zone [P] [Z]
--list-rich-rules 显示区域的复杂规则rich-rules [P] [Z]
--add-rich-rule=<rule>
Add rich language rule 'rule' for a zone [P] [Z] [T]
--remove-rich-rule=<rule>
Remove rich language rule 'rule' from a zone [P] [Z]
--query-rich-rule=<rule>
Return whether a rich language rule 'rule' has been added for a zone [P] [Z]
--list-interfaces 显示区域的接口信息 [P] [Z]
--add-interface=<interface>
Bind the <interface> to a zone [P] [Z]
--change-interface=<interface>
Change zone the <interface> is bound to [P] [Z]
--query-interface=<interface>
Query whether <interface> is bound to a zone [P] [Z]
--remove-interface=<interface>
Remove binding of <interface> from a zone [P] [Z]
--list-sources 显示区域绑定的源地址信息 [P] [Z]
--add-source=<source>[/<mask>]|<MAC>|ipset:<ipset>
Bind the source to a zone [P] [Z]
--change-source=<source>[/<mask>]|<MAC>|ipset:<ipset>
Change zone the source is bound to [Z]
--query-source=<source>[/<mask>]|<MAC>|ipset:<ipset>
Query whether the source is bound to a zone [P] [Z]
--remove-source=<source>[/<mask>]|<MAC>|ipset:<ipset>
Remove binding of the source from a zone [P] [Z]
Helper Options
--new-helper=<helper> --module=<module> [--family=<family>]
Add a new helper [P only]
--new-helper-from-file=<filename> [--name=<helper>]
Add a new helper from file with optional name [P only]
--delete-helper=<helper>
Delete an existing helper [P only]
--load-helper-defaults=<helper>
Load helper default settings [P only]
--info-helper=<helper> Print information about an helper
--path-helper=<helper> Print file path of an helper [P only]
--get-helpers Print predefined helpers
--helper=<helper> --set-description=<description>
Set new description to helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --get-description
Print description for helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --set-short=<description>
Set new short description to helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --get-short
Print short description for helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --add-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Add a new port to helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --remove-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Remove a port from helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --query-port=<portid>[-<portid>]/<protocol>
Return whether the port has been added for helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --get-ports
List ports of helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --set-module=<module>
Set module to helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --get-module
Get module from helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --set-family={ipv4|ipv6|}
Set family for helper [P only]
--helper=<helper> --get-family
Get module from helper [P only]
Direct Options
--direct First option for all direct options
--get-all-chains
Get all chains [P]
--get-chains {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table>
Get all chains added to the table [P]
--add-chain {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain>
Add a new chain to the table [P]
--remove-chain {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain>
Remove the chain from the table [P]
--query-chain {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain>
Return whether the chain has been added to the table [P]
--get-all-rules
Get all rules [P]
--get-rules {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain>
Get all rules added to chain in table [P]
--add-rule {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain> <priority> <arg>...
Add rule to chain in table [P]
--remove-rule {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain> <priority> <arg>...
Remove rule with priority from chain in table [P]
--remove-rules {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain>
Remove rules from chain in table [P]
--query-rule {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <table> <chain> <priority> <arg>...
Return whether a rule with priority has been added to chain in table [P]
--passthrough {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <arg>...
Pass a command through (untracked by firewalld)
--get-all-passthroughs
Get all tracked passthrough rules [P]
--get-passthroughs {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <arg>...
Get tracked passthrough rules [P]
--add-passthrough {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <arg>...
Add a new tracked passthrough rule [P]
--remove-passthrough {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <arg>...
Remove a tracked passthrough rule [P]
--query-passthrough {ipv4|ipv6|eb} <arg>...
Return whether the tracked passthrough rule has been added [P]
Lockdown Options
--lockdown-on Enable lockdown.
--lockdown-off Disable lockdown.
--query-lockdown Query whether lockdown is enabled
Lockdown Whitelist Options
--list-lockdown-whitelist-commands
List all command lines that are on the whitelist [P]
--add-lockdown-whitelist-command=<command>
Add the command to the whitelist [P]
--remove-lockdown-whitelist-command=<command>
Remove the command from the whitelist [P]
--query-lockdown-whitelist-command=<command>
Query whether the command is on the whitelist [P]
--list-lockdown-whitelist-contexts
List all contexts that are on the whitelist [P]
--add-lockdown-whitelist-context=<context>
Add the context context to the whitelist [P]
--remove-lockdown-whitelist-context=<context>
Remove the context from the whitelist [P]
--query-lockdown-whitelist-context=<context>
Query whether the context is on the whitelist [P]
--list-lockdown-whitelist-uids
List all user ids that are on the whitelist [P]
--add-lockdown-whitelist-uid=<uid>
Add the user id uid to the whitelist [P]
--remove-lockdown-whitelist-uid=<uid>
Remove the user id uid from the whitelist [P]
--query-lockdown-whitelist-uid=<uid>
Query whether the user id uid is on the whitelist [P]
--list-lockdown-whitelist-users
List all user names that are on the whitelist [P]
--add-lockdown-whitelist-user=<user>
Add the user name user to the whitelist [P]
--remove-lockdown-whitelist-user=<user>
Remove the user name user from the whitelist [P]
--query-lockdown-whitelist-user=<user>
Query whether the user name user is on the whitelist [P]
Panic Options
--panic-on Enable panic mode
--panic-off Disable panic mode
--query-panic Query whether panic mode is enabled
|