Linux常用命令-fdisk

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命令

fdisk

描述

manipulate disk partition table
磁盘分区工具

用法

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fdisk [options] <disk>    更改分区表
fdisk [options] -l <disk> 显示分区表
fdisk -s <partition>      以块为单位显示分区大小

选项

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Options:
  -b <size>             扇区大小(512, 1024, 2048 or 4096)
  -c[=<mode>]           兼容模式,可选dos,nondos(default)
  -h                    显示帮助
  -u[=<unit>]           显示单位,可选cylinders或sectors(default)
  -v                    显示版本
  -C <number>           specify the number of cylinders
  -H <number>           specify the number of heads
  -S <number>           specify the number of sectors per track

注意

使用fdisk划分2T以下的磁盘,大容量硬盘推荐使用parted命令

示例

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# 查看磁盘分区信息
$ fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
# 对磁盘进行分区,交互式命令,如下划分一个5G的LVM分区
$ fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   切换为可启动标记
   b   编辑bsd磁盘标签
   c   切换为dos兼容标记
   d   删除分区
   g   创建一个新的GPT分区表
   G   创建一个IRIX(SGI)分区表
   l   显示可用的分区类型
   m   显示此帮助菜单
   n   创建一个新分区
   o   创建一个新的DOS分区表
   p   显示分区表
   q   不保存退出
   s   创建一个Sun磁盘标记
   t   更改分区类型
   u   更改显示单位
   v   验证分区表
   w   保存分区表到硬盘
   x   额外的功能(专家模式)

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0cf44cbe

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +5G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xcf4c6e26

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    10487807     5242880   83  Linux

Command (m for help): v
Remaining 10485759 unallocated 512-byte sectors

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): l
...
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xcf4c6e26

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    10487807     5242880   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.